Yoga, similar to the teachings and practice of buddhism, is universal.
Spirituality and/or religion, is non-universal.
Even so, like the selfless existence and function of all and everything, spirituality or religion is neither good nor bad.
Just as any kind of cultural belief, values, and practice, spirituality and religion served its own particular purpose or influence in the daily life affairs, interactions, and behaviors of many minds, especially for the minds that are still functioning under the presence of the idea of 'I', egoism, impurities, and restlessness, that are being determined by all kinds of duality (good and bad/right and wrong/positive and negative/superiority and inferiority/gain and loss/success and failure, and so on), that perceive all kinds of doubts, fear, insecurity, disturbance, dissatisfaction, disappointment, hurts, sorrow, and undesirable painful physical and mental or emotional suffering.
It depends on the state of the different minds, where the existence and function of spirituality or religion can be understood and used by the minds constructively or destructively, under the different states of mind having different understanding, behaviors, intentions, or desires.
The existence and function of the different spiritual or religious beliefs and practices doesn't serve any purposes or influences (constructive or destructive) for the mind that knows Thyself, upon the presence of mental and emotional independence, upon the absence of the veil of ignorance, the idea of 'I', egoism, impurities, restlessness, and the consequences of all that - all kinds of disturbance and painful suffering.
Yoga and buddhism, is all about the mind and mind
conquest, or conscious mind evolution (changing the conditional mind
thinking behavior pattern under the influence of ignorance, the idea of
'I'/the ego, egoism, impurities, and restlessness), or the restless
impure egoistic modification of the mind (the veil of ignorance) and the
conquest of the restless impure egoistic modification of the mind, or
Silence, or the annihilation of the veil of ignorance.
It is nothing to do with any form of spirituality or religion, not to say, it doesn't belong to any particular name and form.
If yoga 'belongs' to any particular name and form, of any particular spirituality, or religion, or culture, or community, or area, or country, or leadership, or organization, then that 'yoga' is something non-universal, it is not yoga as it is.
Just as the children were born or coming from their parents, but they don't belong to their parents.
None and nothing belongs to themselves, not to say, belongs to anyone or anything. (Selflessness and Non-self)
Just as there are many different types of spiritual and religious or cultural beliefs and practices in the world, that belongs to and only valid for certain minds or specific community, and hence, they are non-universal.
Even so, all kinds of spiritual and religious or cultural beliefs and practices (different ways of life/living/values/conduct/vision) are neither something good nor bad, and they have their own particular purpose/values that work for certain minds, particularly to have a sense of direction in life, to have a refuge in the mind to take some rest or find comfort within the restless impure egoistic modification of the mind, as well as to justify the unknown, or many things that the minds don't know or don't understand, and to justify as well as to deal with many things that the minds don't like and don't desire, that are uncomfortable or painful physically and/or mentally/emotionally.
Why yoga and buddhism is universal, while spirituality and religion is non-universal?
Regardless of having particular spiritual or religious belief and practice, or not, and regardless of the different qualities of names and forms that all and everyone have, or possess, or identifying with, all minds can practice yoga and/or buddhism to be free from ignorance that exists naturally along with the selfless existence and function of the restless modification of the mind under the presence of conscious awareness, while not all minds (need to) have particular spiritual or religious belief and practice to be existing and functioning as they are.
Just as all living organisms and non-living objects depend on the availability of energy and different elements for all and everything to be existing and functioning as what they are. That is universal.
All living organisms need to consume energy/food to be existing and functioning as what they are, and that is universal, but the type of food/energy consumption can be different for the different living organisms. That is non-universal.
The truth of selflessness, impermanence, limitation, conditional, and non-self, exists and valid in all and everything. All and everything (living organisms and non-living objects) are undergoing the forming, decaying, and disintegrating process at their own particular pace and cause. That is universal.
The many different types of subjective ideas, knowledge, beliefs, values, practices, behaviors, visions, understanding and non-understanding, desires and don't desires, likes and dislikes, or agreements and disagreements, and etc, only exist and valid for specific minds, and not all minds. That is non-universal.
Yoga and Hinduism have certain connectivity and similarity, but they are completely two different things.
Yoga is universal. While Hinduism, as well as all kinds of different spirituality and religion beliefs and practices, is non-universal.
What is universal, it is valid for all and everything. What isn't valid for all and everything, but only valid for specific individual, or community, or something, is non-universal.
Decay and death or mortality, is universal.
What is good and bad, right and wrong, and the perception/judgment/projection towards all kinds of qualities and all kinds of duality, that are being perceived/judged/projected differently by the different minds, is non-universal.
The nature's law of cause and effect, is universal.
The many different rules and regulations created by specific minds under specific understanding, intention, desire, and vision within a family, a community, an area, a leadership, or an organization, locally and/or globally, is non-universal.
The presence and absence of ignorance and the consequences of ignorance in the minds, is universal.
The conditional momentary peace and happiness, or the sense of happiness and unhappiness, positiveness and negativeness, righteousness and wrongfulness, goodness and badness, meaningfulness and meaninglessness, deserving and non-deserving, success and failure, strength and weakness, superiority and inferiority, pride and shame, and etc, of all kinds of duality, is non-universal.
Not all minds that identifying themselves as 'Buddhists' are buddhism practitioners who practice buddhism as it is.
Similarly, not all Hinduism followers/practitioners are Hinduism practitioners who practice Hinduism as it is, not to say, not all Hindus are yoga practitioners, even if they might think and believe and identify themselves as yoga enthusiasts and practitioners, while performing some kind of yoga practices regularly or irregularly.
Yoga practitioners are not necessarily Hindus, or the followers/believers of any particular religion or spirituality. Although there are many yoga practitioners begin their yoga practice coming from their own particular religious, or spiritual, or cultural background.
Similarly, not all minds that think and believe and identify themselves as yoga enthusiasts and practitioners, that are observing the teachings of yoga and/or performing some kinds of yoga practices regularly or irregularly, are practicing yoga as it is.
And there is neither right nor wrong with all that.
All minds take their own cause and pace to evolve (consciously and unconsciously) as they are.
Regardless of what type of religious or non-religious background, and what type of spiritual or non-spiritual background that one has or came from, yoga is neither religious nor spiritual.
Before the direct self realization towards the truth of selflessness and non-self, yoga can appear to be something spiritual or non-spiritual for the different minds under different states of mind.
When the minds are still functioning under the influence of the veil of ignorance, the idea of 'I', egoism, impurities, and restlessness, that are still mentally and emotionally dependent on something 'greater'/'more perfect'/'more wise'/'more powerful'/'more independent' than the minds themselves, then yoga can appear to be whatever the minds would desire it to be.
It can appear to be something religious for the minds that are religious and that have particular religion belief and practice, while it can appear to be something non-religious to the minds that are non-religious and that don't have any particular religion belief and practice.
Similarly, it can appear to be something spiritual for the minds that believe in spirituality, or it can appear to be something non-spiritual for the minds that disbelieve in spirituality.
Yoga and/or buddhism, if being practiced as it is, without being contaminated or possessed by any cultural, spiritual, or religious elements, is universal.
Regardless of religious or non-religious, believing or disbelieving in spirituality, and what type of religion or spirituality that the different minds believe in and practice, or not, all and everyone have the universal selfless impermanent limited and conditional function of the conscious restless impure egoistic modification of the mind, or the perceptive cognitive intellectual emotional thinking and acting faculty, and regardless of the different types of characteristics, personalities, genetic inheritance, family background, cultures, beliefs, values, practices, desires, or behaviors, all and everyone and everything are selfless, impermanent, limited, conditional, and non-self.
And the restless impure egoistic modification of all minds can be purified, or weakened, or thinned-out, or silenced, or subjugated, or conquered, or annihilated by the mind itself, out of the precious conscious awareness/cognition/understanding/freewill/initiation/effort/desire/yearning towards liberation from the selfless impermanent limited and conditional restless impure egoistic states of mind, or modification, or function, or thought current, that is non-self, that doesn't even belong to the existence and function of the mind itself.
Religion and spirituality is something non-universal.
Not all minds have religious or spiritual belief and practice, and not all minds that have particular religious and/or spiritual belief and practice are having the one same universal religious and/or spiritual belief and practice. With, or without any particular religious or spiritual belief and practice, the minds are still what they are, life existence is still what it is, the ignorance and the consequences of ignorance is still what it is, and the truth of things is still what it is.
Both the teachings and practices of yoga and buddhism is all about the mind, or the selfless impermanent limited and conditional modification of the mind, or the restless impure egoistic thought current, that is universal, regardless of what type of genetic inheritance and cultural background that the different minds have or identifying with, and whether the minds are having any particular religious and/or spiritual belief and practice, or not.
Yoga, as well as buddhism, is the teachings and practices that enable the selfless mind or the selfless perceptive cognitive intellectual emotional thinking and acting faculty of the selfless physical body to transcend the restless impure egoistic modification of the mind, under the presence of conscious awareness, conscious desire, conscious freewill, conscious initiation, conscious yearning, conscious effort, and conscious evolution, transcending all kinds of egoistic ideas and beliefs, values and practices, including all kinds of existing religious and spiritual ideas and beliefs, that are all merely part of the selfless impermanent limited and conditional manifestation/creation in the restless impure egoistic modification of the minds, that were/have been/are functioning under the influence of the idea of 'I', egoism, impurities, and restlessness a.k.a. the veil of ignorance, and the consequences of all that.
Upon the direct self realization towards the dhamma, or the teachings of yoga and/or buddhism, that is both centered in the truth or the essence of selflessness and impermanence in all and everything of all kinds of selfless impermanent limited and conditional manifestation of countless diverse names and forms arising and passing away under different qualities/functionalities/duties/purposes/causes and effects, the mind will know that both the teachings and practices of yoga and/or buddhism (even if there are some differences between them), is neither something religious nor spiritual.
And then, some minds might start to think and understand that, since if it is not something spiritual, then it must be merely a form of physical and mental exercise or activity for sustaining and empowering physical and mental health and fitness condition. But, the physical and mental health and fitness condition or the presence of physical and mental abilities and limitations doesn't determine the presence and absence of ignorance, or determine the mind is practicing yoga, or not, and whether the mind will realize yoga/the dhamma/the truth of things/unconditional peace, or not.
Just as the optimal physical and mental health and fitness condition, long life span, easy life condition, the degrees of intelligence, education, creativity, and the accumulation of knowledge/experiences/skills/relationships/achievements/wealth/titles/positions/authority/power/possessions/enjoyments, doesn't relate to or determine the presence and absence of ignorance, or the states of mind, or the desires and behaviors, or the actions and reactions.
All kinds of religious and spiritual ideas and beliefs/values and practices/rituals are being created and practiced by the restless impure egoistic minds to counter and justify the suffering/the imperfections/the selfless impermanent changes/the limitations and conditions/the restrictions/the unknown/the uncertainty/the fragility/the unpleasantness/the undesirableness/the disagreeableness/the unrest/the painful sorrow/the conflicts/the fear/the disappointments/the sense of loneliness or emptiness/the constructive and destructive power of nature, and etc, that the minds don't desire, to create and have a momentary space/refuge/faith/trust/hope/direction/focus within the disturbed confused restless suffering modification of the mind, where they can hang onto or be in within the mind, that gives them certain degrees of momentary rest, comfort, escape, and relief from the ceaseless disturbance, confusions, restlessness, and suffering, as well as to have certain power of leadership/authority/control/influence/manipulation/bullying/dominance towards the others, or the family members, or the mass community, to live life and behave in certain way and not in certain way. - Ignorance and the by-products/side-effects/consequences/creations of ignorance
The mind that knows Thyself, that is mentally and emotionally independent, upon direct realization towards the truth of selflessness, impermanence, limitation, conditional, and non-self, is free from all that.
Renunciation and liberation, is all about renouncing all that, and be liberated from all that.
Siddhartha Gautama Buddha and Swami Sivananda that existed in different era, were both coming from Hinduism background and prestigious background, and both had renounced all that and immersed into persevered and determined sadhana/contemplation/meditation in silence, seclusion, and solitude for a prolonged duration, and eventually attained direct self realization towards the timeless dhamma, or the universal truth of selflessness, impermanence, limitation, conditional, and non-self upon the annihilation of the veil of ignorance, or upon the silence of the restless impure egoistic modification of the mind. And they disseminated the same universal timeless realization/dhamma/truth of things under the different names of 'Buddhism' and 'Yoga Vedanta'.
The universal timeless dhamma/truth of things that is directly realized and disseminated by any minds under any different names ('Buddhism', or 'Yoga Vedanta', or some other names, but all are the same universal timeless dhamma), doesn't belong to anyone or anything.
The universal timeless dhamma/truth of things doesn't change into something else regardless of the different names, the different era/timing, the different minds, the different backgrounds, the different understanding and non-understanding, the realization or non-realization, or the different causes and effects.
There is neither good nor bad in all the mind creation of the many different religion and spiritual ideas/beliefs/values/practices/ways of conduct/ways of living for the restless confused suffering minds that need to have a refuge in the mind to be resting upon from time to time, or to have some hope amidst all kinds of hardships and undesirable/unpleasant experiences, not until the restless impure egoistic minds started to misuse the existing specific religious or spiritual ideas and beliefs, values and practices, or ways of conduct and living, to become a political influence/manipulation/threat/power/tool/weapon to achieve their own specific greedy ambitious agendas/desires/aspirations/visions in the family, or the relationship, or the community, or the world, generating all kinds of unnecessary hurtful activities unto oneself and others and the surrounding environment.
Inquire the truth of everything, including all that is here.